Crosscheck wrote:
Stuuuuuuu wrote:
because minority students have a cultural disadvantage when it comes to standardized tests.
In what way?
Are there studies on this?
Who do you consider "minorities"?
/I'm not being a dick and baiting, I'm seriously asking.
I'll just cut-and-paste something from a google search to answer that, since I am technically at work and shouldn't have the time for an involved response of my own.
Standardized testing becomes a problem when the test itself is biased against some of the students taking it.
* One of the biggest faults of standardized tests is that they often do not take diversity into account. Too many of today's tests are written so that only white, middle-class, English-speaking Americans can succeed. Other aspects of diversity that tests often times don't take into account include:
+ Disabilities-These include physical disabilities, language delays, ADHD, visual impairments, mental retardation, and the list could go on and on. Often times these students need special assistance when taking a test or sometimes need to take a test that is maybe well below their physical grade level, but is at the appropriate mental grade level. (Haladyna, 178)
+ Test Anxiety-It is not an uncommon thing for students to get debilitating test anxiety. Debilitating test anxiety does not refer to the butterflies in the stomach or that moment of panic when the test is passed out. Instead it refers to the students who may freeze and cannot perform at all when faced with a test. Often times, this phenomenon is made worse when students think they will be punished in some way for a low score. High-stakes testing exacerbates test anxiety. (Haladyna, 160)
+ Cultural Bias-It is only common sense to assume that a test item including information specific to the American culture (as some items do on some standardized tests) will be harder to answer for a student not familiar with that part of American culture. Essentially a student is being penalized for not answering the question correctly even though they may know how to actually do the problem, they simply didn't understand the details given in the problem. In regards to bright students, who for some reason do not perform well on standardized tests (whether it be culture or some other reason), the Massachusetts state commissioner of education, while defending the MCAS graduation requirement says "There will be some casualties." (Nathan) Close to half of the students in urban schools (which have a much higher ethnic population, who may come from completely different cultures or just not be sufficiently familiar with aspects of American culture) are still failing the (MCAS) test. In Massachusetts, among black and Latino students, the failure rate is between 60% and 70% (Nathan)
+ Language Differences-Often students, who are not native English speakers, have trouble on timed exams because they need more time to interpret the English language. They cannot process written English and on writing exams need extra time to formulate what they want to say in English. Most standardized tests are timed and do not give students who have difficulty with the English language the extra time they need. One teacher said that "due to a rigid language testing system...we could not grant diplomas in June to three of our bright, resourceful, and courageous immigrant students" (Lala), all because these students did poorly on standardized tests.
+ Testwiseness-The idea of testwiseness is knowing different strategies to help one's performance on a test. Typically these strategies include knowing how to eliminate answers from a multiple choice question; knowing that on timed tests, skip the questions that will take up a lot of time, answer all the questions you can immediately answer with minimal amount of work and then going back to the harder ones; knowing how to pace yourself and make sure you have enough time to complete the entire exam for example; making sure you answer the question that is being asked on an essay exam in a clear manner, just to name a few. Students who are not familiar with standardized tests would not know a lot of these strategies. It is very easy for teachers to teach these strategies, but they do so at the expense of other (most likely more engaging) topics. It is also easy for teachers to raise test scores by teaching testwiseness, but if teaching these strategies gets the needed gains in test scores, what are the tests really measuring? (Nathan)
+ Gender-There is probably not so much an inherent bias within the test, but the expectations held for each sex is vastly different. Girls are expected to do better in language arts and english, whereas boys are expected to do better in math and science. Students who enter a testing atmosphere with these stereotypes in mind are more likely to perform at those perceived expectations. In addition, students who perform well in a non gender-appropriate subject are likely to be treated differently than a member of the opposite sex and conversely, a student who performs poorly in a subject they are expected to do well in will also be treated differently then a student of the same sex who performs poorly in a non gender-appropriate subject.
+ Socioeconomic Status-Standardized tests are also often biased against students from poorer socio-economic backgrounds. They may not have been exposed to these kinds of tests before or they may not be familiar with the aspects of a question. For example, a question asking about the nature of fresh-cut apples to brown in the presence of oxygen, may be biased against a poorer student because their parents couldn't afford to buy a lot of fresh apples. Examples like these are extreme, but bias against students from different socio-economic backgrounds is a reality.